Authored by: TJ Scavone

2023 Outlook: Interest Rates

We expect interest rates will increase in many developed markets, as implied by market pricing. But we think the Fed will hold rates in restrictive territory for longer than expected. We don’t believe any increases will prompt another European sovereign debt crisis.

Quantitative Tightening Raises the Risks for Markets

With inflation running at multi-decade highs, monetary policymakers are united in one of the most aggressive tightening campaigns in decades. Most central banks have already significantly increased policy rates this year, and some are unwinding their massive balance sheets, also known as quantitative tightening (QT). In this paper, we review what is known about the current state of central banks’ balance sheets and their operations, discuss some known uncertainties of QT’s impact on financial markets, and consider QT in the context of the current market environment.

Fed Raises Rates and Begins Balance Sheet Run-off

Yesterday, the Federal Reserve announced it would raise the target range for the Fed funds rate 50 basis points (bps) to 0.75%–1.00%. It also formalized plans to reduce its $9 trillion balance sheet starting June 1, with an initial monthly cap of $47.5 billion, rising to $95 billion per month on September 1.

Developed Markets Monetary Policy and Rates Outlook

Government bonds have sold off to start the year as central banks tighten policy in response to inflation pressures. The rise in yields this year may meet some resistance in the near-term, but likely has more room to run given the economic backdrop and policy trajectory. Of course, the war in Ukraine and its impact on the economy will be a key driver of rates for the duration of the conflict.

US Inflation Tests New Heights but Should Ease in 2022

US consumer prices increased 7.0% year-over-year in December, which is the fastest annual rate since 1982, according to government data released today. We expect US inflation will moderate in the coming months, in line with consensus forecasts, but we anticipate it will settle in a higher range than the previous cycle.