The increase in private equity allocations was the key trend in asset allocations over the past decade. Almost every other asset class saw a decline in allocations over the same period when it came the peer group average. The takeaways were similar when looking at recent shifts in asset allocation policies, as a significant portion of the respondent group raised their target allocations to private equity and venture capital (PE/VC) in 2024. The Asset Allocation and Implementation section covers this and other topics related to portfolio implementation, including an analysis that shows that passive investing in US equities has gained more traction in recent years.

The vast majority of participants in this study are private nonoperating foundations. These types of foundations must make qualifying distributions that amount to approximately 5% of their total asset value each year. Consequently, most respondents have spending objectives that are closely tied to this legal requirement. Our Payout from the Long-Term Investment Portfolio section summarizes data pertaining to spending for these types of foundations.

The Foundation Annual Flash Statistics Report provides a first look at the results of our 2024 Foundation Annual Investment Pool Returns survey. Look for our full annual analysis in the Foundation Annual Investment Pool Returns report later this summer.

Our biannual report summarizes asset allocation and total investment performance for 25 of Cambridge Associates’ UK foundation and endowment clients.

Our annual survey-based report summarizes returns, asset allocation, and other investment-related data for 323 endowed institutions for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024.

Fiscal year 2024 was the best-performing year for endowments since 2021, with most reporting double-digit returns. However, it was also the second straight year that the returns of diversified portfolios fell short of an investment option with heavier public allocations. As a result, the three-year return of the peer median underperformed a simple blended index weighted 70% global public equity and 30% fixed income. However, private investments continued to be a key return driver for the best-performing portfolios in the endowment universe over the long term. The Investment Portfolio Returns section highlights these contrasting performance themes for the short-term versus long-term periods.

The primary policy benchmark for most respondents is a static-weighted blend of indexes where the weightings align exactly or closely with the asset classes and target percentages specified in the asset allocation policy. Perhaps the most consequential benchmarking decision investors have had to make in recent years is how to represent private equity in the policy benchmark. The majority of respondents use a public index for that representation, and this cohort by and large saw significant underperformance versus their benchmark in 2024. Our Benchmarking section summarizes the various approaches that endowments use for benchmarking total portfolio performance and compares endowment performance versus policy benchmark returns.

There have been some minor shifts in endowment asset allocations in recent years that have diverged from longer-term trends. For example, over the last couple of years, average allocations to public equities have increased, while those to private equity and venture capital (PE/VC) have declined. However, these shorter-term changes seem to be driven by market dynamics where strong performance from public equity markets has naturally lifted those allocations within portfolios. When looking at data from an asset allocation policy perspective, the number of endowments decreasing their long-term target to public equity was double the number that reported an increase. The Asset Allocation and Implementation section covers this and other topics, such as the number of external investment managers and the types of investment vehicles (e.g., active versus passive) used.